Sectional warp beam for winding and dyeing warp



June 12, 1934. R, HALL 1,962,240

SECTIONAL WARP BEAM FOR WINDING AND DYEING WARP Filed July 25 1932 VL335 I E 9 Jive/ 50k. Tia/ p6 d// Patented June 12, 1934 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE SECTIONAL WARP BEAM FOR WINDING AND DYEING WARP Claims.

My invention relates to sectional warp beams, its general objects beingthose of facilitating the dyeing of warp threads, permitting the fulllengths of the warp threads on the warp beam to be utilized in theweaving, and preventing a tangling of the warp threads from differentsec tions of the warp beam.

When a dyeing of warp threads is required, it

has heretofore been customary to first wind each thread separately on acone or tube toeliminate snarls and tangles and to make the tension onvarious portions of the thread more nearly uniform. Then the thread onthis cone is processed l (by boiling it out, dyeing, washing and sizing1.113), after which the needed number of the dyed threads are wound'froma corresponding number of such cones upon a section of the warp beam.

My present invention aims to eliminate this preliminary winding of thethread on a cone by providing a warp beam section upon which therequired number of threads for the section can be wound direct from thesame number of skeins or spools, and by constructing each such warp beamsection so that the threads thereon can be dyed and otherwise processedafter they are wound on the section. Furthermore, my invention aims toprovide a spool-type warp beam section for this purpose which willreadily per- LD mit an adequate penetration of the threads on such asection by the liquids used in the processing and dyeing, so as toinsure an adequate initial boiling out and a substantially uniform dyeing of all of the threads on the prewound section without requiring theprocessing liquids to be applied under pressure. I

In addition, my invention aims to provide a warp beam section with'alead-tape which will permit approximately the entire length of thethreads to be used in the weaving, without interfering with the aboverecited processing of the threads after they are wound on such aspooltype warp beam section, and to construct the beam section so thatthe lead-tape can readily be attached and detached manually.

Still further and alsomore detailed objects will appear from thefollowing specification and from the accompanying drawing, in whichdraw- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a prewound warpbeam spool embodyingmy invention, with a portion of the nearer end disk of the spool brokenaway.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a similarly constructed prewound spool, withboth end disks complete,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary end view of the same 7 assemblage, taken fromthe line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Generally speaking, I accomplish the purposes of my invention in thefollowing manner:

(1) By perforating the ends of each spoollike warp beam section to suchan extent as to permit a ready flow of liquid through them.

(2) By ribbing or corrugating the said spool ends so as to presentradial ridges engaging the warp wound between these ends, together withchannels through which the liquid can flow freely.

(3) By providing corrugations of uniform and counterpart spread on theend disks of these spoollike sections, so that the sections can beclamped upon the shaft of the warp beam with the corrugations incontiguous disks nesting into each other.

(4) By forming the corrugations in each disk in radial rows eachdisposed between two adjacent ridges of the disk, so as not to weakenthe disk.

(5) By making the corrugations in each row of sizes increasing radiallyoutward of the disk, so that the total area of the perforations will bea considerable portion of the total area of the disk.

(6) By disposing the inwardly facing ridges of each disk in a plane atright angles to the axis of the hub, so that the spacing between theseinward ridges on the two disk ends of each beam section will be ofuniform width.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, each section of my warpbeam is a spool comprising a tubular hub 1 bored for slidably fittingthe shaft 2 of the warp beam, and two disks 3 fastened respectively tothe opposite ends of this hub. Each of these end disks is provided withperforations 4 disposed radially outward of the said hub, whichperforations preferably are disposed in rows radial of the spool or warpbeam section, and the disk is corrugated along radial lines between eachtwo consecutive rows of such perforations.

The corrugations in each such end disk are pref erably of uniform spreadand depth, with the inwardly facing ridges 5 in a common plane P (Fig.3) at right angles to the axis of the disk, and with the outwardlyfacing ridges 6 in a similarly disposed common plane 0.

To secure a maximum efficiency, I preferably employ perforations whichdecrease consecutively in size radially inward of each end disk, asshown in Fig. 1, and make these perforations of such sizes that theminimum distance between each perforation and an adjacent bend line 5 isconsiderably less than the diameter of even the innermost or smallestperforation. By doing this and also spacing the consecutive perforationsrelatively close to each other, I can readily cause the joint areas ofthese perforations to form a large portion of the area of the end diskportion which projects radially beyond the hub.

Each disk has a central bore '7 of approximately the same diameter asthe bore 8 of the hub, and each disk is fastened to the hub 1 coaxiallyof the latter and with the inwardly facing ridges 5 bearing against theend of the hub. This fastening may be by brads 9, supplemented by asuitable impervious cement if desired. The hub may be wood, suitablyimpregnated to resist the action of the processing and dyeing liquids,and each disk is desirably formed either of sheet fibre or of othersuitably impregnated material. Moreover, each hub desirably is preformedwith two diametrically opposite longitudinal bores 10 for receivingclamping bolts 11, and also with a longitudinal surface groove 12 forhousing a lead-tape fastening hook 13.

To permit substantially all of the thread on each of my beam sections tobe utilized, I desirably provide a lead-tape 15 fastened at one end to aloop 14 which is snapped over the hook 13, this hook being entirelyhoused by the groove 18 in the hub so as not to prevent of smoothwinding of the tape. This lead-tape preferably is made of a waterproofedand non-dye-absorbing material, and is of a width corresponding closelyto the length of the hub and hence also to the width W between thecommon planes P of the inwardly f acing ridges in the end disks of thesection. After the lead-tape has been tightly wound on the hub, the warpthreads 1'7 (corresponding in number to the length of the hub) arefastened to the tape end loop 16, and these threads are woundsimultaneously and under a suitable tension around the lead tape. Duringthis winding, the inward ridges of the disks serve as equivalents forparallel flat disk faces in keeping the threads from snarling.

The beam section as thus Wound is then immersed bodily in each of theliquids required for dyeing, or otherwise treating it, as for example bythe immersing of such a section in the liquid 18 of Fig. 3. With thewound section thus immersed, the liquid readily flows through the diskperforations and can also flow freely through the radial channelsbetween the disk ends and the thread, in addition to reaching theperiphery of the wound threads. Consequently, I can secure an adequatepenetration of all of the threads by the liquid, which would beimpossible with an unsectioned i warp beam owing to the limited andirregular depth to which liquid would penetrate the winding on thelatter.

Indeed, I have found in practice that with my here presented beamsections, I can effectively boil out, dye, wash and size the threadafter it has all been wound on the sections, even when using unprocessed(or so-called unfinished) thread or yarn. With the previous practice ofdyeing the thread or yarn after winding the latter on cones, the threador yarn must first be doubled, balled or split to facilitate the dyeing,all of which labor and time is eliminated by the use of my novel beamsections. Moreover, the manner in which the wound sections aremanipulated during the dyeing is immaterial, Fig. 3 being merelyillustrative. In practice, all sections of the beam may be wound whileon a single shaft and thereafter placed loosely in a basket which isimmersed in the dye tank, the dye being pumped through the tank (usuallywith a back and forth movement) in the usual manner.

After the dyeing, each wound section can be dried either in the air orin a centrifugal dryer, after which the sections are slid over the warpbeam shaft 2 (as in Figs. 4 and 5) and clamped against each other bybolts 11, which bolts extend both through the longitudinal bores 10 inall of the hubs and through two pairs of clamp pieces 18 engagingopposite ends of the row of warp sections, each two clamp pieces beingjointly clamped to the beam shaft by bolts 19.

In addition to clamping the sections together so as to form a rigidunit, these bolts also prevent a relative rotation of the sections ofthe warp beam.

By arranging the lead tapes so that they can be manually detached fromthe respective hubs of the beam sections, I secure this importantadvantage over the previous practice: With such tapes permanentlyattached, after the heretofore customary manner, the tapes on othersections would dangle and whirl about during the winding of one sectionand often would catch either on threads or parts of the loom. On theother hand, with my arrangement I can start with the lead tapes alldetached, since each tape only needs to be attached just before windingthe corresponding section. However, if all sections are to be wound withidentical threads or yarn, this winding of all sections can be donesimultaneously by starting with all of the lead tapes attached to thehubs.

It will also be obvious that the proportionate dimensions of variousparts of my beam sections is immaterial. For example, the lengths of thehubs can be varied, as also the number of the radial flutings and thedimensions of the perforations. Hence I do not wish to be limited to thedetails of the construction, arrangement or mode of use of the abovedescribed embodiment, since many changes might be made without departingeither from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims.

By forming the entire area ofeach end disk into substantiallysharp-angled flutes, I reduce the contact of each endward turn of thethread wound on any warp beam section substantially to a mere point.Also, by having this iiuting extend radially inward of this disk beyondthe periphery of the hub, and providing each sectorlike disk portionwith perforations which reach approximately from the periphery of theadjacent end of the hub to the periphery of the disk, I permit anabundance of the dyeing or other processing liquid to reach all portionsof the endmost turns of thread on the section excepting those which havethe said more point contacts with the inner disk ridgesnamely so small acontact area that the liquid permeating adjacent portions of the threadwill readily be fed by capillary action to these ridge-contactingportions also.

Consequently, I avoid the serious objection encountered with yarn-dyeingspools in which the end disks have fiat inner faces. I am aware that ithas heretofore been proposed to provide such end disks with radialgrooves opening toward the midlength of the spool, but such grooved enddisks still afford fiat sector-shaped inner face parts for flatwiseengagement with thread portions of considerable length; and as everyweaver knows, a dyeing liquid will not penetrate sufficiently through athread portion of any considerable length (in proportion to itsdiameter) to insure an adequate dyeing, so that the threads which werein contact with such grooved end plates have to be sorted out anddiscarded afterwards because their irregular coloring would mar theappearance of the woven goods.

Moreover, such grooves when of uniform width throughout their length arenot adequate for enabling the liquid to reach all portions of theendward turns of thread on a spool, when the liquid is admitted (atleast to some of the grooves) from only one end of the spool. With myconstruction, I avoid this objection by forming each annular end diskinto radial flutes so as to present radial channels between each fluteand the end portions of the winding of thread, each of which channels isof much greater cross-section at its radially outward (or inlet) endthan at its inner end. And I facilitate the entry and distribution ofthe dyeing liquid all the more by also providing each sector-shaped halfof each flute with perforations through which the liquid can enter.

I claim as my invention:

1. A spool-like section for a sectional warp beam, comprising a tubularhub and two disks respectively fastened to opposite ends of the hub andeach having a central perforation; each disk being provided with radialflutes presenting substantially sharp-edged and radial inner ridges in acommon plane with the adjacent end of the hub, and having the diskportion radially outward of the hub provided with perforations.

2. A warp beam section as per claim 1, in which the radial flutes ineach disk are so formed that the disk also presents outer ridges in aplane spaced outwardly from the adjacent end of the hub, in which thesaid perforations in each disk are all spaced from both the inner andouter ridges of the disk, and in which each radial flute increases inwidth radially outward of the disk.

3. A spool-like section for a sectional warp beam, comprising a tubularhub, and two centrally perforated disks respectively fastened toopposite ends of the hub; each disk being provided with radial flutespresenting their inner ridges in a common plane with the adjacent end ofthe hub which flutes increase in width radially outward of the disk,each disk being a counterpart of the other disk and having its flutesuniformly distributed circumferentially so as to permit an interlockingof the flutes on adjacent end disks of such warp beam sections.

4. A spool-like section for a sectional warp beam, comprising a tubularhub, and two centrally perforated disks each having its radially inward.portion fastened to and engaging one end of the hub; each disk beingprovided with substantially sharp-angled radial flutes presenting theirinner ridges in a common plane with the adjacent end of the hub, andpresenting their outer ridges in a common plane spaced outwardly fromthe adjacent end of the hub; each disk portion which is radially outward0f the hub and between an inner ridge and an outer ridge adjacentthereto being provided with perforations which increase in diameterradially outward of the disk, the total area of the perforations in eachsuch disk portion being not less than approximately half of the saiddisk portion.

5. A spool-like section for a sectioned warp beam, comprising a tubularand square-ended hub, and two end disks each having a centralperforation of a diameter approximating the bore diameter of the saidhub; each disk being provided with radial flutes presenting their innerridges in a common plane with the adjacent end of the hub, so that eachend turn of thread wound on the section will have point contacts withthe inner ridges of the adjacent end disk; each disk having only theinner ridges of its radially inward portion bearing against and fastenedto the adjacent end face of the hub; and each disk portion which isbetween an inner ridge and an outer ridge adjacent thereto and radiallyoutward of the hub being provided with a radial row of perforationsextending for approximately the entire length of the said disk portion,whereby the said flutes will freely admit liquid to all portions of endturns of the thread wound on the section except the thread portionshaving the said point contact with inner ridges of the said flutes.

RALPH R. HALL.

